Othello, By Director Iqbal Khan - 891 Words

According to director Iqbal Khan the state of not having certainty makes Othello a tragedy as a play. As a character not having certainty allowed his mind to become polluted and create a jealous monster. The relationship between Othello and Iago jeopardizes the idea of Othello’s character. The series betrayals are drawn upon by the false whisperings of Iago. He allowed Iago to manipulate his thoughts and conquer his conscience. During the final scene not having certainty deteriorates Othello’s character. Resulting with innocent lives slain due to a series of betrayals through Iago. The situational irony the tragedy evokes the question of Othello’s character. Thus making him the tragic protagonist. The state of not having certainty makes Othello a tragedy. If characters in the play were not allowed to be manipulated the network of betrayals would have never existed. Betrayals are based upon hearsay no one is for certain. Only the audience is aware of the mastermind Iago. The fact that the situations are familiar to us as humans also allows the play to be more tragic. We know what it is like to be betrayed. We know what is it like to feel love and have it taken away. We know what it is like to be that outsider just as Othello was. Therefore the universal feeling of uncertainty creates a catastrophic world in Othello that defines it as a tragedy. The world is recognizable. Othello, a strong and well-spoken man deceived is by one of his closest comrades. Both being black men

The And Its Effect On The World - 1288 Words

The apparently overpowering Roman Empire was guaranteed to collapse soon after the numerous characteristics that made Rome such a prevailing kingdom started to deteriorate away. Rome was the focal point of the biosphere and the thought that such a universal supremacy could decay was disregarded. It was not manufactured in twenty-four hours; therefore, it could not be demolished in twenty-four hours. The spectacular metropolis failed for countless reasons, however there are only a couple key explanations that directed to its diminish. These reasons were the most important part of society, so it explains a lot but it was, Political, economic, religious, and neighboring militaries that were the most important influences that steered to†¦show more content†¦Christianity was spread like wild fire. The Roman rulers sensed that Christianity was so dominant that it could be a potential danger. Around 100 AD. the first discriminations of the Christians transpired. Many of the Romans had previously committed to the belief of Christianity and they rejected to abandon it because it was the supreme key of their life. This steered to many societal complications as well as a weakening in the patriotism that had once existed in the souls of all Romans. The People challenged Roman politics and they became liberated of the government. By the stage that Constantine officially legalized Christianity it was far too late and the Kingdom was too profound in disunity to convalesce. The pronouncement to outlaw Christianity was a dreadful resolution and caused the once integrated empire to disintegrate. During plentiful of the period that Rome existed, the Empire permitted the Germanic communities to live tranquilly inside its areas. For several ages the two assemblies subsisted melodiously until the Huns hard-pressed the communities beyond into Rome. The Germans were treated seriously poor and the Vistagoths rapidly turned in contradiction of the Romans. In an appalling encoun ter the Roman military was overcome and the Vistagoths momentarily apprehended the city of Rome and took it over. Soon after the metropolis was captured the Huns lost an encounter with the Roman/Vistagoth army. The Eastern Empire decided in

Business Laws Dodgy Pty Ltd

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Laws for Dodgy Pty Ltd. Answer: Introduction Analysis of First Case Analysis of Facts in Case: In this context, the case of Bill and Jill describes that they contracted with seller Dodgy Pty. Ltd. in this contract; the seller dishonestly stated that the weekly taking of the caf is $10,000. The seller also put a term related to the estimation of the per week business cost $3000. But the buyers found that the weekly taking was just below than the weekly business cost. Therefore, Bill and Jill were to remedies against the seller. Understanding of the Australian Business Law Principle The principles of Australian business law force the organizations and individual to make the contract to comply with the legal terms for avoiding unexpected outcomes. The principle of Australian Consumer Law (ACL) includes a term related to unfair contract terms and suggests the standards that should have to use during the contract making between seller and buyer (Ibp Inc., 2013). According to this act, the seller may not use wrong or misleading or deceptive terms that can affect the decisions of buyers. Relevant Cases In the context of Australian law of contract, there are many cases that enhance the understanding towards the legal consequences related to a contract. Gates v City Mutual Life Assurance Society Ltd [1986] HCA 3; (1986) 160 CLR 1 In this case, the court held that the seller can be responsible for his or her wrong statement that manipulates the decision of the buyers. But the seller will pay only for the loss that would be reasonable rather more than real loss (AustLII, n.d.). Alcatel Australia Limited v Scarcely and Ors Matter Nose Ca [1998] NSWSC 483: In this case, the court held that a contract should be made on the basis of good faith otherwise; the loss gaining party because of bad faith may demand the damage of their loss (AustLII, 2016). It means Jill and Bill can demand for their loss because the seller did not use the good faith to make the contract for caf. Nash v Inman, [1908] 2 KB 1 In this case, the court held that the contract made with the minor can be applied in only such condition, if it will relate to the improvement in their social life status (Clarke, 2010). Role of Compliance and Requirements Both the statute and common law restrict the minors to make contract. The general rule of common law describes that the contract made by minor is voidable, if the contract is made for property, land, money or business (Tomasic, Bottomley McQueen, 2002). This is because the common law does not believe that a minor can fulfill his or her obligations. It means if a person makes enforceable contract with a minor when the minor has the right to cancel the contract or deny by performing any action as per the terms of contract (Ibp Inc., 2013). The contract law of Australia also describes that the contract can only take place between eligible persons only. Use of Laws As per the above cases and the description of the principles of contract law, it can be stated that the followings are some remedies to the buyers against the seller. Jill can also void the contract because of the involvement of a minor such as bill, who has not eligible to make the contract for the business or property. Buyers can ask compensation for their loss due to the use of wrong statement related to weekly collection in the contract. Analysis for Second Case Facts Hugh runs a business, which produces pizza. To deliver the pizza, UberEats is used by Hugh to serve the customers in Sydney. This type of food delivery services helps Hugh to increase sales in Sydney. To cut the delivery cost, High and Theo started to use their own vehicles rather UberEats but they do not register any document related to this. But they do not make any kind of change in the existing advertisement and use Uber to deliver its pizza to customers. To reduce operation cost, Hugh decides to replace the use of out date cheeses in pizzas. They state through advertisements to their customers that Homeslice uses only freshest ingredients and they use chesses directly from customers. But, several customers get sick and one dies after consuming stale and out of date ingredients. Australian Business Law Principle Each state of Australia has Fair Trading legislation related to deceptive or misleading conduct by anyone. In this context, section 18 of Australian Consumer Law (ACL), a person cannot and should not engage in deceptive or misleading conduct (Morandin Smith, 2011). Schedule 2 of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 prohibits the corporations conduct in commerce or trade by deceptive or misleading to mislead the customers. The section 52 of Trade Practices Act (1974) was also related to deceptive conducts which was supplanted by Competition and Consumer Act (CCA) 2010 (Latimer, 2012). As per this law, followings are some elements to establish deceptive or misleading conduct are: Conduct as impugned was done during the commercial or trade activities; The impugned conduct caused misleading or deceptive behavior against individual or group of people (Esmaeili Grigg, 2016); The plaintiff relied on the defenders conduct; and As a trust on conduct and its result, the plaintiff or claimant got a loss. Therefore, the main aim of the doctrine is to provide protection to consumer from any misleading behavior of organization by deciding the action of the defender under the terms of strict liability. These sections of law also provide several remedies to customers against the misbehavior or deceptive conducts of the organizations. Relevant Cases Google Inc v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2013] HCA 1: In above case, Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) claims Google Inc has violated the section 52 of the Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth) because its search engine displayed deceptive and misleading information during the search (High Court of Australia, 2013). This event has taken place between 2005 and 2008. In the reference of this case, the court held that the organization of the Google search engine can be liable for deceptive conduct, if it uses promotional method to represent the information to the customers (High Court of Australia, 2013). But, the characteristic of Google describes that it does not offer anything to customers directly therefore, it may not be liable for the misleading conduct. Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562: The rule related duty of care means the fulfillment of entire necessities from manufacturer of products before the delivery of the customers to satisfy the needs of customers. In the above case, the court states that there is a close relationship between manufacturer and consumer because it is a duty of the manufacturer to provide the quality products to customers with the safety of customers (Fitzroy Legal Service, 2016). As per this, it can be concluded that the manufacturer should have to fulfill the obligations related to duty of care. Withyman v State of NSW and Anor [2010] NSWDC 186: According to the judgment in the given case, a person who has the duty is to serve the customers but he has not fulfils the obligation, then this situation will called the breach of duty. The breach of duty is also established in above defined case. In the case, the district court states that it is a duty of the teacher to work for the welfare of student in the place of intimacy inside or outside of the school. Hence, the action of teacher to seduce the student is an example of breach of duty towards the students (Carternewell Layers, n.d.). Similarly, it was the duty of Hugh to use the quality cheese and other ingredients in the making of pizza, while the case defines that they were using out dated cheese that only caused a negative impact on human health. Grant v Australian Knitting Mills [1932] AC 85: In the above case, the plaintiff loosed money due to the use of chemical in a product. As a result, the plaintiff spent more than three months in the hospital to recover health. In this case, court describes that the injury of the customer is form of damage that is required to establish the tort of negligence (Goodden, 2009). Therefore, the manufacturer of the product would be liable for the loss of customers. Use of Laws In the given case, the above defined principles of CCC and ACL can be applied to define the responsibility of the manufacturer towards the loss of the customers, which take place after the consumption of pizza. Role of Compliance and Requirements The sections related to misrepresentation of information and use of unfair business practices will help the plaintiff or the customers of Hugh to get compensation for their damage from the manufacture of pizza. This is because they did not only use the wrong information related to services but also used outdate ingredient by naming fresh ingredients. As a result, the court can be able to give the judgment in favor of plaintiff. References AustLII (2016) Alactel Australia Limitedv Scarcella ORS [Online]. Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/nsw/NSWSC/1998/483.html (Accessed: 14 September 2016) AustLII (2016) GATES v. The City Mutual Life Assurance Party Society(1986) 160 CLR 1 [Online]. Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/HCA/1986/3.html (Accessed: 14 September 2016) Carternewell Layers (n.d.) Australian Civil Liability Guide, 9th ed [Online]. Available at: https://www.carternewell.com/Australian-Civil-Liability-Guide-9th-Edition/index.html#87/z Clarke, J. (2010). Nash v Inman [Online]. Available at: https://www.australiancontractlaw.com/cases/nash.html (Accessed: 14 September 2016) Esmaeili, H. Grigg, B. (2016) The Boundaries of Australian Property Law. Australia: Cambridge University Press. Fitzroy Legal Service (2016) Duty of care [Online]. Available at: https://lawhandbook.dev.jed.cecc.com.au/handbook/ch06s03s02.php (Accessed: 14 September 2016) Goodden, R.L. (2009) Lawsuit!: Reducing the Risk of Product Liability for Manufacturers. USA: John Wiley Sons. High Court of Australia (2013) Google Inc v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2013] HCA 1 [Online]. Available at: https://eresources.hcourt.gov.au/showCase/2013/HCA/1 (Accessed: 14 September 2016) Ibp Inc. (2013) Australia Business Law Handbook Volume 1 Strategic Information and Basic Laws. Int'l Business Publications. Latimer, P. (2012). Australian Business Law 2012. CCH Australia Limited. Morandin, N. Smith, J. (2011) Australian Competition and Consumer Legislation 2011. Australia: CCH Australia Limited. Tomasic, R., Bottomley, S. McQueen, R. (2002) Corporations Law in Australia. Federation Press.

Rates of reaction experiment HCl Essay Example

Rates of reaction experiment HCl Paper The rate of reactions is how fast something changes from its reactants to its products. For a reactions to occur, the particles must strike with enough energy. At the start of the practical only some of the reactions will have enough energy to strike with each other and create energy for the reaction to happen. We can increase the rate of reaction by changing specific conditions in order to increase the rate of collision what will happen is that one of the things what can change it is the temperature because it provides the reactant with more energy. So this means the particles will be moving around more and therefore they are more likely to collide with each other. Another one is the concentration because by increasing the concentration of a reactant we are increasing the number of particles in a certain volume. This means there is more likely to be more collisions because they is more particles with in a small space. Another one could be pressure because by increasing the pressure we are decreasing the space in what the practices can move about in. so this means the practices will be more likely to collide with each other because there is less space for them to move around. We will write a custom essay sample on Rates of reaction experiment HCl specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Rates of reaction experiment HCl specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Rates of reaction experiment HCl specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Another one could be a catalyst because this is a lower activation energy required by particles to start a reaction and provides another route for the reaction to occur, thus speeding up the reaction. In the reaction what I will carry out the equation is: Hydrochloric acid + sodium thiosulfate sodium chloride + sulphur dioxide + Sulphur + water 2HCl (aq) + Na2s2o3 (aq) 2Nacl (aq) + SO2 (g) + S (s) + H2O (l) On this experiment we will be changing the concentration of the hydrochloric acid. So if we change the concentration of the experiment we are increasing the number of practices inside the reactions. Hypothesis Based on the information’s what I put about the rate of reaction I think as the concentration increase the rate of reactions will increase as well because they will be more practical inside the experiment so they will be colliding with each other more so the rate of reaction will increase. Equipment Measuring cylinders- so we could measure how much of the chemical we was using when we did the experiment   Test tube-so we could pour the chemicals into   Test tube holder- so then when we are waiting for the test to finish we don’t have to hold the measuring cylinders we can just put them in the rack. Hydrochloric acid- so we have a chemical to react with sodium thiosulphate.   Sodium thiosulphate- so then we have something to react with hydrochloric acid   Sodium carbonate- to put the finish produce in because after the reaction the mixer starts to smell.   Stop watch- to time the time taken for the reaction to finish. Paper and marker- so we have something to look for on the other side of the test tube to test the rate of reaction Goggles- so aware eyes always stayed protected when we are doing the experiment Variables An independent variable is hydrochloric acid solution. Dependent variables is how long the reaction takes. The dependent variable was the rate of reaction. The controlled variable was the amount of hydrochloric acid contraction must be the same. If you don’t have any controlled variables then this experiment wouldn’t have worked. Limitations My limitations could have been: Human error I could have stopped the stop watch a second after the ‘X’ had disappeared, thus causing outliers in my work. The stop watch could have been faulty the button might not have been working well and may not have stopped the timer when I pressed it. Some chemicals may have been left behind in the measuring cylinder/ test tube. Distractions I may have been distracted by something such as a loud noise and I might have looked away at the exact moment that the X disappeared. The equipment that I used might have been contaminated if it wasn’t washed out properly the last time it was used. This could have caused a faster reaction because of any other unwanted chemicals still inside the equipment Lastly, there could have been a mistake in the measuring. This could have happened if I didn’t have the measuring cylinder at eye level when I poured in the chemicals. Methods The first thing that I did was prepare myself and the area around me for the practical. I pushed all stools and bags under the desk so there is no risk of anyone tripping. So that me and my classmates where safe. The next thing that I did was gather up all of my equipment/reactants and lay them out on the table. I made sure that I had everything before I started. This makes sure that my experiment runs smoothly. Then, I drew a large â€Å"X† on the white paper using the marker pen. This was important because it would help to finding out the rate of reaction. Next we measured out 2cm3 of hydrochloric acid solution and sodium thiosulphate in separate measuring cylinders. Then place them two in the same beaker and put the paper with the cross on it on the back with the cross facing towards you. Then when can no longer see the cross stop the stopwatch and listed down the time in your result table. Then pour the finished substance into sodium carbonate because the reaction will start to smell after a while so this chemical will help prevent the bad smell. Do this 3 times so it is easier for you to find out the average time taken for the cross to disappear. Then you change the concentration of sodium thiosulphate to 0. 4cm3 and 1cm3 and repeat the experiment for them to concentrations and do it 3 times for both of these concentration. So then you can see if different concentration will make the rate of reaction change. Fair test To make the investigation is a fair test I made sure:   The same person observe the reaction because different people have different eyesight so keeping the same person to observe the ‘X’ disappear is better. Use the same ‘X’ as a darker or bigger ‘X’ can increase the time it takes for it to disappear. The temperature is kept the same. Same volume of solution – total volumes need to be the same. My results HcL concentration 1st time taken 2nd time taken 3rd time taken Average time taken 0. 4 cm3 101 131 98 110 1 92 94 93 93 2 103 95 78 92 You work out the rate of reaction by 1/average time taken So for HcL the rate of reaction was: HcL concentration Rate of reaction 0. 4 0. 009 1 0. 01 2 0. 01 Analysis and Evaluation By using my results it does show that as the concentration level goes up the time of reaction goes down. On my result I think we had a limitation because for the first 2 test of 2cm3 didn’t go with the rest of the results so they are so I think we went wrong with that concentration. So for all the other results they matched what the scientific information said in my introduction so that show this experiment still went well even though we went wrong on them two results. The scientist said as the concentration goes up the rate of reaction will increase as well and the second table would show this but because of the 2cm3 results it doesn’t quite work out but for 1cm3 and 0. 4cm3 this does go with what the scientist where saying. If I did this experiment again I would make sure that the test tubes where clean because I think we didn’t wash them out properly so it affected aware results because we did 0. 4cm3 and then we did 1cm3 so I think so of the substance was still left other and it affected the 2cm3 results. This would make it better because then I think the results will show what they should show because no reactants where left other. References: http://www. thinkingwriting. qmul. ac. uk/wishees/collections/school/Morpeth%20GSCE%20Chemistry/PDFs/59367. pdf http://www. ukessays. com/essays/chemistry/test-affected-by-changing-the-concentration. php.

Free Essays on Egyptian Pyramids

What exactly are pyramids? How were they built, and who built them? And just what were they used for? Well, you ¡Ã‚ ¯re about to find out. There are over 90 pyramids in Egypt today. However not all of them are like the Great Pyramid in Giza1. Over a time span of 1100 years the pyramids evolved from layered pyramids to the well know sloped shape. The first pyramid built was the Step Pyramid of Djoser. This pyramid was built in 2630 B.C.E. and was intended to hold the mummy2 of Pharaoh Djoser. This pyramid is 204 feet high and consists of six layers, each smaller than the one below it to form steps. The pyramid, designed by Imhotep3, also covers 40 acres. The Step Pyramid's burial chambers are hidden underground in a series of tunnels and mazes to keep grave robbers from reaching the actual burial chamber of the King. However, as with most pyramids The Step Pyramid and King Khufu were victims of grave robbers. All that remains of King Khufu is his mummified left foot4. The second pyramid, the Maidum Pyramid, was the first in a series of pyramids built by Pharaoh Snefru5 in the 4th dynasty. This pyramid, located in Maidum, was originally built as a seven story step pyramid. Shortly after, the eighth story was added and eventually the steps were filled in to make a smooth outside. The time is unknown, however most likely during or immediately following construction, this pyramid collapsed. Why the pyramid collapsed is still unknown. The debris from the cave in still stands under the pyramid today, giving it the appearance of being built on a sand hill. 1. The Great Pyramid of Giza was the largest pyramid ever built. It was built to house Kin... Free Essays on Egyptian Pyramids Free Essays on Egyptian Pyramids What exactly are pyramids? How were they built, and who built them? And just what were they used for? Well, you ¡Ã‚ ¯re about to find out. There are over 90 pyramids in Egypt today. However not all of them are like the Great Pyramid in Giza1. Over a time span of 1100 years the pyramids evolved from layered pyramids to the well know sloped shape. The first pyramid built was the Step Pyramid of Djoser. This pyramid was built in 2630 B.C.E. and was intended to hold the mummy2 of Pharaoh Djoser. This pyramid is 204 feet high and consists of six layers, each smaller than the one below it to form steps. The pyramid, designed by Imhotep3, also covers 40 acres. The Step Pyramid's burial chambers are hidden underground in a series of tunnels and mazes to keep grave robbers from reaching the actual burial chamber of the King. However, as with most pyramids The Step Pyramid and King Khufu were victims of grave robbers. All that remains of King Khufu is his mummified left foot4. The second pyramid, the Maidum Pyramid, was the first in a series of pyramids built by Pharaoh Snefru5 in the 4th dynasty. This pyramid, located in Maidum, was originally built as a seven story step pyramid. Shortly after, the eighth story was added and eventually the steps were filled in to make a smooth outside. The time is unknown, however most likely during or immediately following construction, this pyramid collapsed. Why the pyramid collapsed is still unknown. The debris from the cave in still stands under the pyramid today, giving it the appearance of being built on a sand hill. 1. The Great Pyramid of Giza was the largest pyramid ever built. It was built to house Kin...

Ochre - The Oldest Known Natural Pigment in the World

Ochre - The Oldest Known Natural Pigment in the World Ochre (rarely spelled ocher and often referred to as yellow ochre) is one of a variety of forms of iron oxide which are described as earth-based pigments. These pigments, used by ancient and modern artists, are made of iron oxyhydroxide, which is to say they are natural minerals and compounds composed of varying proportions of iron (Fe3 or Fe2), oxygen (O) and hydrogen (H). Other natural forms of earth pigments related to ochre include sienna, which is similar to yellow ochre but warmer in color and more translucent; and umber, which has goethite as its primary component and incorporates various levels of manganese. Red oxides or red ochres are hematite-rich forms of yellow ochres, commonly formed from aerobic natural weathering of iron-bearing minerals. Prehistoric and Historic Uses Natural iron-rich oxides provided red-yellow-brown paints and dyes for a wide range of prehistoric uses, including but in no way limited to rock art paintings, pottery, wall paintings and cave art, and human tattoos. Ochre is the earliest known pigment used by humans to paint our worldperhaps as long ago as 300,000 years. Other documented or implied uses are as medicines, as a preservative agent for animal hide preparation, and as a ​loading agent for adhesives (called  mastics). Ochre is often associated with human burials: for example, the Upper Paleolithic cave site of Arene Candide has an early use of ochre at a burial of a young man 23,500 years ago. The site of Paviland Cave in the UK, dated to about the same time, had a burial so soaked in red ochre he was (somewhat mistakenly) called the Red Lady. Natural Earth Pigments Before the 18th and 19th century, most pigments used by artists were of natural origin, made up of mixtures of organic dyes, resins, waxes, and minerals. Natural earth pigments like ochres consist of three parts: the principle color-producing component (hydrous or anhydrous iron oxide), the secondary or modifying color component (manganese oxides within umbers or carbonaceous material within brown or black pigments) and the base or carrier of the color (almost always clay, the weathered product of silicate rocks). Ochre is thought generally to be red, but in fact is a naturally-occurring yellow mineral pigment, consisting of clay, siliceous materials and the hydrated form of iron oxide known as limonite. Limonite is a general term referring to all forms of hydrated iron oxide, including goethite, which is the fundamental component of the ochre earths. Getting Red from Yellow Ochre contains a minimum of 12% iron oxyhydroxide, but the amount can range up to 30% or more, giving rise to the wide range of colors from light yellow to red and brown. The intensity of color depends on the degree of oxidation and hydration of the iron oxides, and the color becomes browner depending on the percentage of manganese dioxide, and redder based on the percentage of hematite. Since ochre is sensitive to oxidation and hydration, the yellow can be turned red by heating goethite (FeOOH) bearing pigments in yellow earth and converting some of it to hematite. Exposing yellow goethite to temperatures above 300 degrees Celcius will gradually dehydrate the mineral, converting it first to orange-yellow and then red as hematite is produced. Evidence of heat-treatment of ochre dates at least as early as the Middle Stone Age deposits in Blombos cave, South Africa. How Old Is Ochre Use? Ochre is very common on archaeological sites worldwide. Certainly, Upper Paleolithic cave art in Europe and Australia contain the generous use of the mineral: but ochre use is much older. The earliest possible use of ochre discovered so far is from a Homo erectus site about 285,000 years old. At the site called GnJh-03 in the Kapthurin formation of Kenya, a total of five kilograms (11 pounds) of ochre in more than 70 pieces was discovered. By 250,000-200,000 years ago, Neanderthals were using ochre, at the Maastricht Belvà ©dà ¨re site in The Netherlands (Roebroeks) and the Benzu rock shelter in Spain. Ochre and Human Evolution Ochre was part of the first art of the Middle Stone Age (MSA) phase in Africa called Howiesons Poort. The early modern human assemblages of 100,000-year-old MSA sites including Blombos Cave and Klein Kliphuis in South Africa have been found to include examples of engraved ochre, slabs of ochre with carved patterns deliberately cut into the surface. Spanish paleontologist Carlos Duarte (2014) has even suggested that using red ochre as a pigment in tattoos (and otherwise ingested) may have had a role in human evolution, as it would have been a source of iron directly to the human brain, perhaps making us smarter. The presence of ochre mixed with milk proteins on an artifact from a 49,000-year-old MSA level at Sibudu cave in South Africa is suggested to have been used to make the ochre liquid, probably by killing a lactating bovid (Villa 2015). Identifying the Sources The yellow-red-brown ochre pigments used in paintings and dyes are often a mixture of mineral elements, both in their natural state and as a result of deliberate mixing by the artist. Much of recent research on ochre and its natural earth relatives has been focused on identifying the specific elements of a pigment used in a particular paint or dye. Determining what a pigment is made up of allows the archaeologist to find out the source where the paint was mined or collected, which could provide information about long-distance trade. Mineral analysis helps in conservation and restoration practices; and in modern art studies, assists in the technical examination for authentication, identification of a specific artist, or the objective description of an artists techniques. Such analyses have been difficult in the past because older techniques required the destruction of some of the paint fragments. More recently, studies that use microscopic amounts of paint or even completely non-invasive studies such as various types of spectrometry, digital microscopy, x-ray fluorescence, spectral reflectance, and x-ray diffraction have been used successfully to split out the minerals used, and determine the type and treatment of the pigment. Sources Bu K, Cizdziel JV, and Russ J. 2013. The Source of Iron-Oxide Pigments Used in Pecos River Style Rock Paints. Archaeometry 55(6):1088-1100.Buti D, Domenici D, Miliani C, Garcà ­a Siz C, Gà ³mez Espinoza T, Jà ­menez Villalba F, Verde Casanova A, Sabà ­a de la Mata A, Romani A, Presciutti F et al. 2014. Non-invasive investigation of a pre-Hispanic Maya screenfold book: the Madrid Codex. Journal of Archaeological Science 42(0):166-178.Cloutis E, MacKay A, Norman L, and Goltz D. 2016. Identification of historic artists pigments using spectral reflectance and X-ray diffraction properties I. Iron oxide and oxy-hydroxide-rich pigments. Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy 24(1):27-45.Dayet L, Le Bourdonnec FX, Daniel F, Porraz G, and Texier PJ. 2015. Ochre Provenance and Procurement Strategies During The Middle Stone Age at Diepkloof Rock Shelter, South Africa. Archaeometry:n/a-n/a.Dayet L, Texier PJ, Daniel F, and Porraz G. 2013. Ochre resources from the Middle Stone Age sequence of Diepkloof Rock Shelter, Western Cape, South Africa. Journal of Archaeological Science 40(9):3492-3505. Duarte CM. 2014. Red ochre and shells: clues to human evolution. Trends in Ecology Evolution 29(10):560-565.Eiselt BS, Popelka-Filcoff RS, Darling JA, and Glascock MD. 2011. Hematite sources and archaeological ochres from Hohokam and O’odham sites in central Arizona: an experiment in type identification and characterization. Journal of Archaeological Science 38(11):3019-3028.Erdogu B, and Ulubey A. 2011. Colour symbolism in the prehistoric architecture of central Anatolia and Raman Spectroscopic Investigation of red ochre in Chalcolithic Çatalhà ¶yà ¼k. Oxford Journal Of Archaeology 30(1):1-11.Henshilwood C, DErrico F, Van Niekerk K, Coquinot Y, Jacobs Z, Lauritzen S-E, Menu M, and Garcia-Moreno R. 2011. A 100,000-Year-Old Ochre-Processing Workshop at Blombos Cave, South Africa. Science 334:219-222.Moyo S, Mphuthi D, Cukrowska E, Henshilwood CS, van Niekerk K, and Chimuka L. 2016. Blombos Cave: Middle Stone Age ochre differentiation through FTIR, ICP OES, ED XRF and XRD . Quaternary International 404, Part B:20-29. Rifkin RF. 2012. Processing ochre in the Middle Stone Age: Testing the inference of prehistoric behaviours from actualistically derived experimental data. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 31(2):174-195.Roebroeks W, Sier MJ, Kellberg Nielsen T, De Loecker D, Pares JM, Arps CES, and Mucher HJ. 2012. Use of red ochre by early Neandertals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109(6):1889-1894.Villa P, Pollarolo L, Degano I, Birolo L, Pasero M, Biagioni C, Douka K, Vinciguerra R, Lucejko JJ, and Wadley L. 2015. A Milk and Ochre Paint Mixture Used 49,000 Years Ago at Sibudu, South Africa. PLoS ONE 10(6):e0131273.

Nike Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Nike - Research Paper Example In this paper, some of the main matters have been questioned and thrown into the open as to how the company has faced accusations from different sections of society and the world, and what led to it. Since the mid 90s, Nike has been accused of being a violator of women’s’ rights, child labour, exploitation of labour in terms of wages, as well as forced labour. Many of these cases have been uncovered and let out of the bag, thus making the company lose a great deal of its goodwill. This brand has been known to violate a number of Articles present in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as well. These are a certain set of rights that are universally applicable to all human beings, not taking into account anything about their race, colour, gender or age. According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, it has been set out and stated in Article 1 that â€Å"All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.† Article 3 and 4 state, â€Å"Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person†andâ€Å"No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.† Article 5 says â€Å"No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman, or degrading punishment and treatment.† All these Articles and more have been laid down with a view to respect human beings all over the world, however, Nike has been found to be violating them in many ways, in its run d own factories in the third world countries. A better look has been taken during the course of this report, into how the company has been violating these Articles of the Declaration of Human Rights. The main concerns for the company have been coming in from their factories which are located in South Asia. Here, in places like Vietnam, China, Indonesia etc, there are people who have been contracted by Nike, and work under their name. They mass produce the sports equipment as well as sports apparel, but their

Social and Cultural Changes after the First and Second World Wars Essay

Social and Cultural Changes after the First and Second World Wars - Essay Example The political situation was polarized with Soviet Union focusing on national security and the US spreading the democracy that led to repartition of Europe (McCauley, 2008). With one form of totalitarianism defeated, with the ashes of Nazism literally scattered among the living and dead of that conflict, the tensions between East and West renewed themselves. In some respects, the Cold War was inevitable: the incompatibility between communism and capitalism, the differing opinions about the rights of man, cultural and ideological disagreements about the most profound issues including religion, personal identity, freedom of assembly, democracy -- all of these differences would (and did) come to the fore between the United States, Western Europe and the Soviet Union. And all of these differences were party the outcome of the WWI and WWII. The brutal reality of the wars contributed to the development of medical thought. A lot of soldiers were wounded and injured; their treatment became the upfront priority for the countries involved in the conflict as they have already lost a lot of men. The field of plastic surgery was rapidly developing as many men needed immediate treatment. (Hunt, 2009). Psychological damages that soldiers received also needed assistance. The work of psychologists cannot be underestimated (Merriman, 2010). All these demands forced the medical field to evolve and develop at an unprecedented speed. The field of vaccination industry was developing and was as effective as never before. Vaccine innovations were able to tackle such diseases as influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia that took millions of lives in the past. The work of doctors and scientists contributed to the mass production and usage of penicillin and developed vaccines that were able to prevent various diseases across the world (Hoyt, 2006).

Madness through king lear Essay Example for Free

Madness through king lear Essay In the 17th Century, madness was still a relatively new concept. Many people believed it was due to a person being possessed, which resulted in madness often being linked back to black magic and witchcraft. In context, the public would frequently visit Bedlam Hospital to enjoy the spectacle of a madmans behaviour thus, Renaissance dramatists typically used mad scenes for a comical effect. In spite of this, Shakespeare seems intent on a serious, if not slightly disturbing, portrayal of madness in King Lear. Throughout the play King Lear, we bear witness to Lears gradual and possibly inevitable descent into madness. As early as Act I Scene 1 we, as the audience, observe early signs of the kings insanity, albeit political at this point, we are alarmed at Lears decision to break up his state. Especially through the means he wishes to do so, his love-test is foolish and egotistical, as is his desire to be treated as an important, royal personage after he has given away his kingdom. It is fair to say that all through Act I Scene 1 Lear shows many times that he most concerned with appearances. Seemingly his love-test is going to plan, as Goneril and Regan extravagantly pledge their love and allegiance to their father, this is until Cordelia refuses to comply with Lears love-test, answering I love your Majesty according to my bond, no more, no less. simply meaning that Cordelia loves her father as a daughter should. Lear, in his blissful ignorance, cannot see past Goneril and Regans elaborate speeches and instead feels humiliated by his youngest daughters unadorned answer. As a result, he disowns her and banishes her, Cordelia then departs to France. We can see Lear is already losing control as he goes to strike his faithful advisor Kent and banishes him also, all because Kent questioned the Lears actions. As a consequence of Lears vituperative temper and his irrational, insane, actions he leaves himself powerless and at the mercy of his two eldest daughters, with neither his loyal advisor nor his devoted youngest daughter to protect him from what is to proceed. As the play progresses, we can see that the kings identity is gradually becoming unbeknown to him when he asks the question Who is there that can tell me who I am? 1, we can see that Lear is slowly losing his wits. Lears speeches become increasingly disjointed as he becomes more distressed, hinting at the madness that will overtake him later in the play. He is becoming progressively isolated due to his fragile mental state, thus, through Lear the idea of madness could be seen as being presented as vulnerability. In Act II, Lears changes of moods and tones indicate his escalating mental instability. His foolishness persists as he insists he will stay with the daughter that allows him to keep the most knights; there is desperation in his confrontation with his dog-hearted daughters. Eventually, the beleaguered kings rages become signs of impotence, not authority, emphasising the fact that the patriarchs insanity has left him powerless and increasingly vulnerable. When the storm starts we recognise that Lears fear that he would go mad, first voiced in Act I Scene 4, has been realised. The storm serves as a metaphor for Lears and Englands plight, his speeches establish and reflect properties of the storm. Through the storm, Lears madness is presented as destructive as his speeches are full of anger and distress, as the mad king moves swiftly from one topic to another. The violence of the imagery that the king employs reflects his state of mind. It is easy to see how Lears insanity could be viewed as destructive; he has caused his kingdoms predicament through his rash actions at the beginning of the play, he has divided his family through his egotism and in his mad rages he often behaves like a scorned child using invective language. However, all this considered, Shakespeare also presents Lears madness as pitiful. Due to his madness Lear confronts his failings: as a father and a ruler. He shows compassion to the characters that have helped him i. e. the Fool, Kent/Caious and Poor Tom. Even when Lear starts to regain his wits, we sympathise with the king as with his new clarity of vision brings with it distress and much regret. These are not the facts that make us truly pity Lear; it is the reality that wisdom came too late. Jesters were often kept by the monarch to provide witty analysis of contemporary behaviour and to remind the sovereign of his humanity; Lears Fool certainly fulfils these functions for his master. At first glance, the Fools professional madness is rendered as comical, his seemingly asinine jests often lighten the tone and provide some much needed moments of relief, the Fools flippant remark about Poor Toms clothing is a good example of him lightening the tone of a distressing scene. However, through the Fools professional insanity Shakespeare presents a hidden wisdom. Lears Fool is all-licensed which essentially means that the Fool is licensed to say things to his superior that anybody else would be punished for. Taking this, and the fact that Lear and his Fool seem to have a very close relationship (the Fool calling Lear nuncle and Lear calling the Fool boy), throughout the time the Fool exists in the play he is able to counsel Lear. The Fools sarcastic jesting is blunt and hard hitting. Almost as soon as the Fool enters in the play he harps on Lears folly, this is apparent when the king asks Dost thou call me fool, boy? to which the Fool replies All thy other titles thou hast given away; that thou wast born with2. Through the Fools madness he serves to push Lear towards the truth about his daughters this is evident when he warns Lear that Regan will side with Goneril, Shalt see thy other daughter will use kindly; for though shes as like this crabs like an apple, yet I can tell what I can tell3. And again when he hints at the dangerous situation Lear has put himself in by reversing the natural order, making his daughters his mother, The hedge-sparrow fed the cuckoo so long that it had it head bit off by it young4 this is clearly warning the king that his daughters will turn against him. Furthermore, the Fool also tries to open the kings eyes so that he can see these truths on his own, Thou shouldst not have been old till thou hadst been wise5, as well as have some insight as to why these events are occurring. The third character in question is that of Edgar / Poor Tom. Edgar, Gloucesters legitimate son, is introduced as being a passive, credulous dupe upon whom Edmunds6 devious practices ride easy. We are only given a succinct introduction of Edgar before Shakespeare haves him disguise himself as Poor Tom. In the days of Shakespeare, Bedlam hospital housed the mentally ill. When they were released Bedlam inmates were allowed to go begging for survival; this is what Edgar has been reduced to by his gullible father and his brothers trickery. My face Ill grime with filth, blanket my loins. Elf all my hairs in knots, and with presented nakedness outface the winds and persecutions of the sky7 the fact that Edgar has to disguise himself as a Bedlam beggar, wandering the countryside in nothing but a loin cloth in order to preserve his life, presents to us his vulnerability and the sheer desperation of his feigned madness. Initially, Edgar is presented as a seemingly lucid character yet, as the plot unfolds we see he has many purposes within the play. Shakespeare uses Edgars alias Poor Tom to provide some comical relief as the plot thickens as some of his antics and ramblings can prove to be amusing gibberish. However, in contrast, Poor Toms erratic breathless craziness in Act III Scene iv increases the pathos infinitely. A prime example of this would be when he (Edgar / Poor Tom) says that a foul fiend laid knives under his pillow and halters in this pew, set ratsbane by his porridge, indicating towards suicide, this speech reflects Edgars fragile state of mind and, although fake, his madness is distressing to the audience. We are reminded of Edgars humanity in Act III Scene vi (the mock trail scene) as he listens to Lears lunatic agony, his act as Poor Tom momentarily breaks down at Bless thy five wits this in turn is another moment in which Edgars caricature increases the pathos of a scene. Furthermore, I feel that Shakespeare is using Edgar / Poor Toms situation to mirror Lears. Similarly to the besieged king, Edgar is now reliant on charity and he has also had his world and expectations turned upside down. Edgars assumed madness indicates towards Lears eventual submission to complete insanity in Act III, through Poor Tom we glimpse what Lear will be reduced to. Madness is portrayed in different ways through these characters: professional, feigned and genuine insanity. Nonetheless, the idea of madness is presented as purposeful, almost like a journey, for all three of the characters in question. Edgars pilgrimage through his contrived madness serves the obvious purpose of preserving his life. The preservation of Edgars life enables him to guide his father but ultimately through his madness his valour is awakened allowing him to play the role of avenger at the end of the play. However, Edgars madness also serves a purpose to the principle protagonist, Lear, as it is noticeable that on the heath Edgars presence as his caricature Poor Tom aids Lear, as through interactions with Poor Tom the kings humanity and understanding increase. The Fools professional jesting provides some much needed moments of relief. In spite of his comic role, the Fools main purpose within King Lear is to, in essence, be Lears conscience. In other words, he bestows the king with truth and reason throughout the turbulent situations that occur during his, the Fools, time in the play. Due to the fact that he is all-licensed, and also has a close relationship with the king, he can inform and criticise Lear for his mistakes without being punished for it, this permits him to counsel Lear. Lear eventually gains the insight he needs to perceive his daughters and society for what it really is, insincere and immoral. The Fools abrupt disappearance signifies that Lear has gained all the understanding he needs to distinguish between and reality. Therefore, the Fool is no longer needed: his purpose has been fulfilled. Unlike Edgar or the Fool, Lears madness is not an imminent occurrence, it develops throughout the play. The insanity of the king is unequivocally ironic, in his apparent sanity he was introduced to be conceited and imprudent, yet when he is mad he becomes a more humble, compassionate and attractive character. At the beginning of the play Lear acts exceptionally irrational and cannot see the verity of his superficial values but as a result of his madness he demonstrates an increasingly sincere, tolerant side to his nature. Attributable to his intensifying humility he is able to recognise his wrong doings as a leader and a father thus, the kings madness redeems him as he learns the value of true emotion and is able to consider the sufferings of those close to him. Consequently, this enables Lear to reconcile with his beloved daughter Cordelia. In conclusion, the madness of King Lear is deeply distressing, it develops from and points back to the kings instability.

Solutions to Global Warming Essay -- Environmental Global Climate Chan

Solutions to Global Warming There are many solutions to reduce the amount of green house gases in the atmosphere, which causes Global Warming. A main culprit for global warming is the use of CFC's (chlorofluorocarbons). If the use of CFC's was reduced, the number of greenhouse gases will be reduced by a great deal (however there are many other thing that cause dramatic amounts of greenhouse gases including carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide). The items that contain CFC's are regular house hold items, but they can have a devastating effect on the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. They are found in aerosols, plastic foam and fridges. However now that the scientists have a greater knowledge on the effect of CFC's the government had banned the selling of objects with CFC's in; and also great care is needed when disposing of older items containing CFC's e.g. fridges. CFC's are 40 times more effective as a greenhouse gas then carbon dioxide. So reducing the amount of CFC's used will have a good effect on the atmo...

Language Acquistion Theories Essay

Bridging two worlds : Reading comprehension , figurative language instruction , and the English language learner ‘ Name University Introduction Many students in American schools today speak English as a foreign language . The English language learner (ELL ) finds that English contains words and phrases that may seem confusing because of the disparity between the literal and figurative meanings . These words and phrases are used in everyday conversations by native speakers but ELL students find them hard to decode not only because of their figurative meanings but because of the various meanings one figurative word or phrase could contain depending on the context by which it is used . The inability to interpret figurative language â€Å"leads to a breakdown in text comprehension which , in turn can frustrate readers and discourage them from continuing the reading task (Palmer Brooks , 2004 ‘ Figurative language instruction The article discusses the case of Alejandro , an ELL student , to illustrate how and why ELL students find it difficult to understand figurative language in English . His teacher found Alejandro to be timid and withdrawn in class because of a lack of confidence in communication with the language . As a result , he disliked reading and writing although he developed literal listening skills . The results of his Figurative Language Interpretation Test confirmed his weakness in interpreting figurative language . His teacher then designed a scaffolding plan involving several instructional strategies which include the following : â€Å"explicit instruction , connections to the real world , dialogue in context , modeling and independent practice , visualization and the use of the native language (Palmer , Miller Leclere , 2006 . The first step of the strategy involved a 3-step process by Simmons Palmer (1994 ) for finding meaning in figurative language . The teacher first identifies the figurative language in a written text , determine if the literal meaning in the text makes sense , then find the intended meaning of the figurative language expression . Through a series of questions the teacher leads the student towards the intended meaning . A fourth step is added to the 3-step process wherein which the figurative sayings are connected to real-life experiences of the student . Teachers define the various forms of the figurative language and contextualize them . Daily interaction and practice with the student , through both oral and written activities , are encouraged for the student to gain command of the newly-learned concepts . Another helpful strategy might be drawing both literal and figurative interpretations of the figurative expressions . Most children certainly relate more to visual imagery in figurative language . Finally , the primary language of the students should also be encouraged instead of dismissed during the teaching process . Second language students who study in bilingual programs perform better than those in non-bilingual programs . It also encourages students to understand the differences between their two languages , especially with regard to figurative language . Conclusion The strategies explained in the article look simple enough and can be practiced by any teacher handling classes with ELL students . They are practical and have been proven effective . The steps outlined in the article have actually†¦

Irish Dancing: A Celtic Family Passion Essay

Every family has some wonderful tradition that they share with each other and the rest of their kindred spirits. Our family holds Irish dancing as our most beloved musical tradition, and we share it amongst ourselves along with those in the world around us. Individuals who have viewed Michael Flatley’s, Riverdance or The Lord of the Dance, have heard the beautifully entrancing music and the almost hypnotic percussion nimbly played by the tapping of dancer’s feet. The swift and graceful movements, colorful costumes and mystic aura that this Irish dancing traditions hold can only be told best by those who have partaken in the event, danced the dance and been allured by the magic of the sounds. The following writing will explore some of the experiences of our family’s Irish step dancing tradition, as well as how we share it with the public world. Irish dancing means a great deal to us because it serves as an expression of our ethnicity and of who we are as a family. The females of our kin begin their dance training early, at about the age of three to four years. Almost as soon as they can fit into the shimmering brocaded dresses and tiny tapping shoes, the young ladies eagerly take to their lessons. Each dance that they master acts almost like a rite of passage and many of the girls soon find themselves performing at pubic fairs, parades and even dancing competitions. We pride ourselves in our little dancer’s endeavors since as stated by Wulff, â€Å"When it comes to Irish competitive dancing, the attempt to build character goes back to childhood and circles around the idea of national identity†(Wulff 2003, 186). Through this media we can express our particular ethnic heritage in the ever diverse United States. Younger and older generations practice together at family gatherings and put on a show for everyone. Males of our family also receive encouragement to pursue the activity, but the accomplishment of the women usually outshines them. In relation, the accomplishments of our Irish dancing heritage come with time, difficulty and dedication, in which our family takes pride. Irish dancing consists of rules of movement that do not make for an easy learning experience. To watch Irish dancers in competitions is to see how they must move in â€Å"jumps† with their backs straight, their arms tight to their sides and make it only appear that their legs do the work. Now imagine trying to do all of that and make a distinct rhythm with nimbly tapping feet. One of the proposed theories for why such strict rules of movement in Irish dancing exist states, â€Å"Irish bodies have long been subjected to particularly stringent forms of control by church and state, and within this context dancing has been deemed especially problematic†(Dyck and Archetti 2003,5). Others believe that the Irish values of, â€Å"proper manners† plays a vital role in the dancing posture (Wulff 2003, 182). Either way, the skill comes with hours of practice and dedication. Winning a public award for Irish dancing plays an important role in our family affairs. Those who have competed often travel around the nation at various times of the year, and many of us will travel with them to encourage and support their efforts. Award winners also usually have a lead part in producing the dances for our family gatherings, as well as act as teachers to our younger dancers. Consequently, the type of dancing that has been spoken of thus far constitutes a type of Irish dancing called â€Å"step dancing†. There are also jigs, polkas and other genres of Irish dancing that we partake in. These less formal types of dance usually occur solely at family gatherings. None of our family members have pursued a professional learning experience or participated in competition in any of these other genres that we know of to date. However, just because we do not pursue them as vigorously as step dancing does not mean that they are not enjoyable. Family events and competitions do not make up the entirety of our Irish dancer’s experiences. As mentioned previously, parades and community events also don the list. Sometimes our family dancers put on shows for charitable causes, church functions and Irish festivals. All of the opportunities that avail themselves help us express ourselves and our unique cultural heritage to our community. Also, as with the charitable causes, we have the opportunities us to use our talents help those in need. Performing for these community gatherings helps to inspire us as, and encourages our dancers to continue on with their grueling practice. Concerning Irish step dancing, it has probably by far the most dynamic of the music structures of Irish dance genres. This is due to the fact that the tapping of the dancers feet give more intricate percussion to the established musical rhythm. For example, â€Å"Riverdance is usually associated with the crescendos of the signature section and the long Chorus Line of Irish dancers pounding out their unison steps†(Wulff 2003, 187). The aim of such percussion centers on eliciting a powerful emotional reaction from audiences, aside from just impressing them with complicated dance steps. Irish dancers want their audiences to feel every note, every tap and every emotion that the music and dance combined can convey. As dancers, the goal revolves around letting others experience the heart and soul they put into their activity with every pounding beat on the stage. Joining with several dancers on stage not only urges those feelings deeper into the hearts of the audience members; it also gives them the sense of how the power of several individuals acting in unison can create a breathtaking experience. Acting together to create such a response in the audience helps dancers to recognize and appreciate the bonds of their ethnic heritage as well as their achievement in performance skills. Correspondingly, immense evolution of Irish step dancing has taken place since Michael Flatley entered the spotlight. In his performances Irish step dancing takes on more fluid movements, rather than the rigid, hands-at-sides traditional postures. This addition of the greater emotional expression using body movement caught on and made Irish step dancing quite popular. The outcome: The response was extraordinary; after the performance calls poured in from all over Europe for the video. A CD was recorded; it sold out and the show was transformed into a full-length evening of dance and music, which swept London, New York City, and the world. Today in towns and cities around U. S. boys and girls are taking up step-dancing in record numbers (Finnegan, and McCarron 2000, 394). Flatley’s work has brought Irish step dancing to the forefront, romanticized it and possibly changed its course in history as the popularity continues to grow. By and large as it can be seen, the magic and honor of our experiences in Irish dancing comes through to our family from many sources. We gain a sense of nationality and cultural heritage from dancing with our fellow family members and other Irish step dancers. We take pride in our ethnic heritage as we perform for both charitable causes and competition, which inspires our public audiences. Not to mention that our family’s field of musical tradition in turn has taken inspiring turns as Michael Flatley’s performances have drawn immense amounts of attention and popularity. Overall, the intricate steps and emotional combination of music and movement in Irish step dancing has created for us a unique way for our family to continually appreciate our ethnic background and take pride in our heritage. Works Cited Carmichael, Jennifer. â€Å"Re: Interview questions. † Email to Irish dancer. 9 July 2006. Dyck, Noel, and Eduardo P. Archetti, eds. Sport, Dance, and Embodied Identities /. New York: Berg, 2003. Questia. 10 July 2006 . Finnegan, Richard B. , and Edward T. McCarron. Ireland: Historical Echoes, Contemporary Politics. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2000. Questia. 10 July 2006

A cross cultural perspective of polygyny essays

A cross cultural perspective of polygyny essays A Cross Cultural Perspective of Polygyny As an institution, polygyny, the social arrangement that permits a man to have more than one wife at the same time, exists in all parts of the world. From our present knowledge, there are very few primitive tribes in which a man is not allowed to enter into more than one union. In fact, ethologists now believe that only one to two percent of all species may be monogamous (Tucker). None of the simian species are strictly monogamous; our closest relatives, the chimpanzees, practice a form of group marriage. Among the 849 human societies examined by the anthropologist Murdock (1957), 75% practiced polygyny. Many peoples have been said to be monogamous, but it is difficult to infer from the data at our disposal whether monogamy is the prevalent practice, the moral ideal, or an institution safeguarded by sanctions (Malinowski 1962). Historically, polygyny was a feature of the ancient Hebrews, the traditional Chinese, and the nineteenth-century Mormons in the United States, but the modern practice of polygyny is concentrated in Africa, the Middle East, India, Thailand, and Indonesia. The extent to which men are able to acquire multiple wives depends on many factors, including the economic prosperity of the mans family, the prevailing bride price, the differential availability of marriageable females, the need and desire for additional offspring, and the availability of productive roles for subsequent wives. Even in societies that permit polygyny, the conditions of life for the masses make monogamy the most common form of marriage. The two variations of polygyny are sororal (the cowives are sisters) and nonsororal (the cowives are not sisters). Some societies also observe the custom of levirate, making it compulsory for a man to marry his brothers widow. It must be remembered that any form of polygyny is never practiced throughout the entire community: there cannot exis...

Why social recruiting is the next big thing for recruiters

Why social recruiting is the next big thing for recruiters When you think about what’s changed the job search more than anything else over the past 10 years or so, it’s probably the exponentially growing influence of social media. Job seekers have learned to be more cautious about what they post online (at least they should be), and it’s opened up a whole new pool of recruitment potential for employers. To a certain extent, companies still follow the old recruitment model- put out a job opportunity and the response will include a number of qualified candidates. But more and more, organizations are looking to take advantage of the organic networking of social media to boost their recruiting.This focus on outreach to potential candidates via social platforms like LinkedIn, Facebook, or Twitter is known as â€Å"social recruiting.† This isn’t just posting job ads on sites and hoping for the best- social recruiting is a proactive method for reaching new candidates by searching for profiles with specific qualiti es, interacting with potential candidates on the platform, and letting people know about specific job opportunities. This is a huge growth area for hiring companies and recruiters- in fact, nearly 60% of recruiters rated candidates that came in through social recruiting as â€Å"highest quality,† according to a JobVite survey.So why should companies consider embracing this trend more fully?It’s cost-effectiveJob advertisements are getting more expensive all the time, and the results can be†¦mixed. Social recruiting gives recruiters more control over the talent pool and more visibility into the talent available. Unlike advertising, associated costs (if there are any) are minimal.The right platform can yield great resultsThere are obvious places to start (like  LinkedIn, Twitter, and Facebook), but more specialized platforms can really step up your recruiting game. For example, if you’re looking for a designer, you might want to try Instagram or other visua lly-oriented social media platforms.hbspt.cta.load(2785852, '9e52c197-5b5b-45e6-af34-d56403f973c5', {});It’s an update on word-of-mouth hiringReferrals are a time-honored way to bring in good candidates for a particular job- someone who knows what’s required of the job (an employee or colleague) refers someone he or she knows who might be a good fit. The â€Å"insider track† helps narrow the field, but it also yields high-quality results. Plus, the eventual turnover rate is lower, as referred employees have a turnover rate of about 13%, versus 19% for employees hired through more traditional recruitment channels. The difference here is that the â€Å"referrer† is the candidate’s publicly searchable information.It reflects the changing workforceThe early adopters of social media, Millennials, are now the largest segment of the American workforce. Social recruiting signals a willingness to meet these potential employees on their own terms in an incre asingly digital landscape. Facebook is currently the most popular platform among this group, but developing a strong social recruiting platform now means being able to adjust to whatever social networks come next.It makes recruiting more active, less passiveBeing able to reach out directly to potential candidates is an advantage. Job seekers spend a lot of time and energy building and refining their online presence in the hopes of getting that next big opportunity. Companies who go looking for candidates are able to find these savvier, well-prepared candidates faster and more efficiently, rather than waiting for them to come through a traditional pipeline.Social recruiting is the wave of the future because it makes sense for recruiters who want to find the best candidates while making the most of their recruitment resources. It’s an opportunity for people on both sides (job seekers and job fillers) to work together to make the hiring process a better, more informed propositio n for everyone involved.

Music paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Music paper - Essay Example Among the songs that were performed are â€Å"Both Sides Now,† â€Å"I Don’t Know Where I Stand,† and â€Å"Big Yellow Taxi.† Joni Mitchell is actually Roberta Joan Anderson in real life. She is a Canadian who started her career as a folk singer but later adapted other styles such as jazz and pop. Her influence was mainly derived from jazz artists such as Charles Hancock and Herbie Minugus according to the Encyclopedia of Jazz Musicians. What made Joni Mitchell popular is her guitar style that is really refreshing. Technically, most of the songs can be considered homophonic which was given due justice by the deep vocals of Judy Coe. It was like hearing Joni Mitchell herself when you close your eyes. The blending of the instruments were really harmonious but the guitar really stood out as an accompaniment. Over-all, the tone was really easy and light which made the listeners sentimental and relaxed characteristics songs in that genre. After the concert, everybody felt better and happy including

Valentines Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Valentines - Essay Example Nelly is an athletic and a rugby player in her school. For this reason, she has a buildup body that have developed out of his hobbies. She argues that she required weight to enable her play well and protect herself from other players. Moreover, being athletic make ones develop a lot of muscle out of the many exercises and to cope with the demand of the sport (London, 2015). Nelly says that she was astonished for her date to offer a gift suggesting she cut on weight (London, 2015). She argues that that was the least she expected because she always imagined that her friend like and support her involvement in sports. Nelly says that it was her resilient that made her resist knocking him down and throwing him out of the house (London, 2015). This made her cancel the date and dump his date the following day. Katie Ford is a 33 years business woman (London, 2015). She says that she is always excited to enjoy valentine day with her date. However, on February 14, 2014 she experienced a traumatic encounter after she and her date was booked for being too drunk. That evening they went to buy drink, so they have a romantic night. However, her date started drinking and promised her of so many things he would do for her. Katie though hesitant for the man ego, agreed let him have a chance. However, they did not last long on their romantic date before Katie date got too much drunk and started fighting with strangers for no apparent reason. The commotion led the owner of the restaurant to call the police to calm down Katie date. Nevertheless, the police had no choice, but to arrest the unruly man and booked him overnight until the next day. Katie romantic moment had to end and walk in the dark to her house. She says she had a walk with her high heels alone in the middle of the night because his date was not man enough. She broke up with him the

Determinants, Benefits and the Risks of Foreign Direct Investment for Assignment

Determinants, Benefits and the Risks of Foreign Direct Investment for Developing Countries - Assignment Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that for the host country, it provides new technologies, products, skills of management, capital, strengthens its currency and thus leads to economic development. However, these benefits are not realized automatically and evenly. Architecture of international investment and national policies are important in attracting FDI to many developing countries and in realization of its full benefits for development. Although FDI is beneficial to both host and home countries, it also arise some costs to them. The benefits which a host country expects rely on the co-operation of its government. In developing countries such as Kenya, FDI contributes a lot in their economic development and the governments are working extremely hard to attract it. Actually, the global market for these investments is highly competitive and countries seek them to improve their development efforts. Foreign Direct Investment is regarded to be less prone to a crisis because the direct investors usually have very long-term plans when engaging in such investments in host countries. It is also believed that FDI greatly contributes a lot to the economic growth of a host country than other types of capital inflows. Therefore, this paper seeks to critically examine the determinants, the benefits and the risks of Foreign Direct Investment in developing countries. It tends to broadly analyze the factors that attract foreign investments, the benefits that the country intends to gain from direct foreign investment and the dangers associated with these kinds of investments. Foreign direct investment determinants refer to the factors (political, economic and social factors) that can attract or deter foreign investors from investing in a particular country. Stable economy, political stability and good social status are likely to attract foreign investments. However, instability in these three areas will scare investors away.

Women In Medieval Europe

Women In Medieval Europe I chose the topic of Women in Medieval Europe to write my essay about. I will attempt to provide some basic knowledge about how the lives of women were very difficult during this time. Some things that will be discussed are the submissions women had to give to men. To start this essay I ask a number of questions, the first one is as follows: What type of work did women do during this period? Women that were from poverty stricken homes would have to go out and work with their husbands to bring in more income because his alone was not enough to support their household due to women having multiple children. Women would help their husbands haul hay or plow fields. Poor women did not have shoes to wear so they walked around barefooted and during the winter they would not have any winter clothes to keep them warm so they would wrap themselves in sheets to protect them from the cold. They also took their children to work with them because they could not afford nannies like the wealthy class could. How was life different for wealthy women during this time? As with any culture having money always gives you more advantages. Although wealthy women had to obey the same things, such as not speaking unless you were spoken to or only if it was approved by a man first and obey the men. Women of higher classes had jobs to do as well some would have to help run their businesses and if their multiple businesses or properties that the family owned then she would have to help her husband over see them too. Of course they could afford to hire workers but there were somethings that had to be handled by them personally. If the womens husband passed away, then everything was left entirely up to her to take care of. Wealthy women had more advantages even when it came to caring for their children. They had the luxury of hiring nannies for this job. The nannies would even breast-feed their babies for them. Why would women in this time become a Nun? Women became nuns in this time because this was a way they could get an education and gain some rights. This was especially popular for the lower class women because this was their only hope of getting a proper education. Becoming a nun meant that she would have to be celibate and the chance of having children would be lost. By becoming a nun women grew their own crops and had their own house. With the education that was provided, they were also able to pursue careers. Many of the poor families that had multiple daughters would make their daughter become a nun because they could not afford to raise them and to ensure that they would get an education. The bad side of this was that once you became a nun it was forbidden for you to leave or have children. Back in this time it was said that a woman that could not or would not bear a mans child was of no use at all. What happened to unwed women during this time? Unmarried women that owned land or multiple properties were considered to have the same rights as men. But if and or when she did get married, then she was forced to give her husband all of her properties and she gave up her rights. Women that were not married could wear their hair down but the women that were married had to wear their hair in a linen wimple to cover her hair up because this showed sign of modesty. Women were not able to pick their husbands. Men were able to pick their wives at times. Marriages were very carefully arranged by family members. Marriages were not based on love or emotions. Families would try and arrange marriages between their daughters and sons based on economic factors. These factors would be if they had their own land, if they owned their business or if they come from a wealthy family. So once again money had a great deal to do with influences with other people. It was really a marriage of property and money that the church unified and the families would have a very large crowd of well known people to witness this occasion. This was commonly between the wealthy people but what about marriages between the poor women? The poverty stricken women and men normally married who they pleased because they had nothing to gain or lose. The legal age to get married in the medieval days was 12 for girls and 14 for boys. This was a common age to be married back then because of the expected life span. Due to lack of medical care and medicine, people died at a much younger age than they do today. There were very few reasons that the couple could get divorced. Some of the reasons they could get divorced were if they were not Christians, they were not of legal age, if they had previous promises to another person or the woman could not perform sexual relations. Women had to submit to their husbands whenever he desired for her to. Were there any powerful women during this time? One person could sum this question up and that is Joan of Arc. Joan of Arc was considered a heroic figure in France. She disguised herself as a boy to join the army and became one of the most famous leaders. Women were not allowed to join the army and that is the reason she disguised herself as a boy. Joan had said that she had visions from God and he was calling her to be a warrior. There were other famous women such as Hildegard of Bingen who was considered to be a very famous writer of sacred music in the middle ages, Christine de Pizan was a famous writer and feminist one of her more popular books were The Book of the City of Ladies and last but not least there was Lady Godiva, she was the woman famous for riding nude on a horse through the town of Coventry. She wanted to prove that the towns people were honorable and would not look at her being naked. There were a number of much respected Queens during this time, as well as a number of princesses. Final question that runs through my mind is was it really that bad for women? My answer would be yes it was extremely bad for women. Women had absolutely no rights at all. Any man in the family could tell her to do something and she had to do it. If she did not do what she was asked to do then she was badly beaten. It was said that a woman that did not obey was disobeying God. A woman had to give up her land and rights to the man she married. Also women were not even allowed to pick the person they were to marry. Imagine if it was the same way today! So many women are so outspoken and very independent that we couldnt even think about a man running our entire lives. Not only not being able to speak or do what we want to do but to be badly beaten just because we choose not to. Women were also very often accused of doing very awful things. Some of the accusations were practicing witchery; women would be burn at the stake for this. Conclusion: The conclusion for my essay is that with all of the research that I have done to see what the lives were like for women during the Medieval Period, I have found that their lives did seem extremely hard and unfair. To justify why this may have been, many would say Christianity. Eve was perceived as the trouble maker and then there was the impurity that many men thought women had because of menstrual cycles. While Christianity might have played a role as to why men thought they could treat women this way, it also provided protection for women as well. It did not allow divorce for any given reason (as it is today). It also did not allow the men to kill their wives. Sure they were able to beat them within an inch of their life but at least they did get to keep their life. There were some kings that treated women fairly and had a great deal of respect for them but there were not a lot of them. But this was well over a thousand years ago and a lot of things have changed since that time. I am personally, very grateful that they have changed!

After Apple Picking :: After Apple Picking

After Apple Picking Throwing all sexual connotations aside, "After Apple Picking" is about a dying man who is pondering the accomplishments in his life, and contemplating on the opportunities that he has let pass by. As our narrator drowses off into his final sleep, he is tired of having had so many options, but still he knows that his mind will have time to think and wonder if he should regret. As the poem starts, he is standing on his long ladder pointed towards heaven, and looking down on the apples that he didn't pick. But, he shows no sign of regret, for he admits that he is "done with apple-picking now." Though he seems quite confident in this declaration, the reader questions his sincerity as he looks down at the barrel he didn't fill. For this is his last waking hour, and questions are sure to come while "the essence of winter sleep is on the night." Our narrator goes on to talk about his strange view of the "hoary grass" through a small sheet of ice. As he is looking through this piece of "glass", it begins to melt, thus symbolizing how his view of the world is about to end. Although completely aware of his waning time, he is comforted by knowing "What form [his] dreaming was about to take. With a somewhat optimistic outlook, he is confident of the positive nature of his thoughts in the afterlife. He supposes that his "dreams" shall be of his many accomplishments; a "stem" to "blossom" overview of his life's works. The narrator also figures that his dreams will show him how he was sturdy, swaying little, when boughs of the trees were bending in the wind. He will see himself as strong under the heat of a barrage of apples come rolling in. After admitting that he has had too much of apple-picking, he seems ready to watch the "Highlights" in his dreaming. While thinking of how successful he has been in his "apple-picking", he begins to wonder of the fruitful opportunities that he has let slip through his hands and fall through to the ground.

Antonio Lopez

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna was born on March 21, 1794 in Jalapa, Vera Cruz and died in 1876, in Mexico City. Santa Anna had started in the military in 1810 as a cadet at the age of 16, and was promoted to Brigadier General in 1822. In 1828 Santa Anna became the governor of Vera Cruz. He became governor again in Vera Cruz in the year 1829. Then in 1833 he was elected the president of Mexico. Santa Anna led the Mexican attack on the Alamo in Texas in the year 1835. Santa Anna eventually captured the Alamo. The Texans recorded 257 deaths and the Mexican Army had between 400-600 deaths.Later on his carelessness in the end allowed Sam Houston to win the battle of San Jacinto. Santa Anna was able to gain back his authority when the French invaded Vera Cruz in 1838. He was considered a hero after he had many horses shot from underneath him and lost half of his left leg. In 1842 he arranged ceremony to find his foot and parade it in Mexico City and placed it as a monument for everyone to se e. Santa Anna fought in the Mexican War and sold land to the United States called the Gadsden Purchase in 1853.In 1854 a young officer named Bonito Juarez banned Santa Anna from Mexico for ten years and Santa Anna later returned before his death. He was driven out of Mexico for having too much power and control over the country. He later returned to Mexico in 1867. He once again tried to regain more power in 1867. Before he could he was taken prisoner and condemned to the firing squad. Instead he and his family were exiled out of Mexico. He then returned to Mexico in 1874 and then died two years later at the age of 82. Santa Anna was significant to the Spanish world because he believed and fought for his country.He was also important to the Spanish world because he was a dictator of Mexico for many years. He served in the military, was president eleven times of Mexico, and was the governor of Vera Cruz twice. Santa Anna was also important because he was forced to give land to the Un ited States called the Gadsden Purchase. He led the Mexican army to attack the Alamo and was also the leader in that battle. He had defeated many armies and leaders when he was serving in the military. Santa Anna was in the military for most of his life.All these things are important about Santa Anna and are important to the Spanish world. He was very important and no one will ever forget the famous Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna and what he did. I think Santa Anna was a pretty brave man because he went through all of those battles for his country, had lost his leg, and was imprisoned in Sisal, Yucatan. I also think Santa Anna wanted way too much power because he kept trying to take over the military and the country. Also I think he deserved to be banned from the country for ten years because he was trying to get to much power.I think Santa Anna had a pretty unique life because he was president of Mexico, he was governor of Vera Cruz, and was high ranked in the military. I think Santa Anna did some weird things because he had set up a ceremony to find his lost leg and had set it up on a monument for everyone to see it and admire it. I think it was nice that his wife wanted to be buried with him before she died because that shows that his wife really cared about him. I have learned many things about Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna as in what he did and how he lived. He was one of the most famous Spanish people and I enjoyed learning about him.

African American and Black Women Essay

The article â€Å"Hip-Hop Betrayal of Black Women† was written by Jennifer McLune and appeared in Z magazine Online in the July 2006 issue. McLune argues that sexism in hip-hop’s culture is a big part and has helped make the industry what it is today. This article can be divided into 5 different sections. In the first section, she talks about Kevin Powell and how he writes how men talk about women in hip-hop. McLune goes on to say that even wealthy white boys talked about African American women in their songs, yet its okay with society. The second section she gives examples of entertainers that talk down on women and some that do not. Common, The Roots, and Talib Kweli are the artist are the artist she names that don’t talk bad about women, but they don’t stop other artist from doing so. Also they back up the artist that does degrade women so in reality they aren’t doing enough. Even black female artist are right along with the men talking about other females (McLune, 297). In the following section, McLune talks about the protest that women have done with little help to the situation. The misogyny is an attack on a woman’s character and it makes the black community looks bad as a whole (McLune, 298). The fourth section is about the acceptance of the hip-hop culture towards black women. Everyone makes excuses and tries to justify what’s going on in hip-hop, but few have actual answers to help. At a point black women writers were called traitors for writing articles and complaining about what was going on (McLune, 299). The author concludes that hip-hop thrives around the fact they bash black women and if they didn’t do this then black women would be more respected in today’s society. After careful examination of McLune’s use of rhetorical appeals, evidence of pathos, logos, and ethos were used throughout the article. McLune wrote about the discrimination of black women throughout hip-hop. The dominate rhetorical appeal used by McLune is pathos, which â€Å"is an emotional appeal that involves using language that will stair the feelings of the audience† (Hooper, etal 86). She complains about being a black woman and hearing the excuses for men when they talk about women in hip-hop and how it is just okay with society. McLune is also irate about the fact that Eve, who is a female rapper raps about women in a bad way and doesn’t seem to think that, that is not right. Another type of appeal McLune uses is logos â€Å"which demonstrates an effective use of reason and judicious use of evidence† (Hooper, etal 86). Back in the 60s it was wrong and considered unfair to demonize colored men, but yet the men in today’s society are disrespecting colored women. The author explains how record labels exploit this and benefit off of the disrespect artist show black women. The least used appeal by McLune is ethos â€Å"which establishes the speaker’s or writer’s credibility† (Hooper, etal 86). Hip-hop owes its success to woman hating. Few artist dare to be different and not speak badly about women and the ones that do, they don’t make it clear that they feel it’s disrespectful for rappers to demoralize women which is not good in itself. McLune uses evidence to support her claim, one type of evidence she uses is examples she brings up Jay-Z rap lyrics and how he talks about women in his songs, â€Å"I pimp hard on a trick, look Fuck if your leg broke bitch, hop up on your good leg. † Also talks about good rappers such as Talib Kweli and how he has been praised for his song â€Å"Black Girl Pain†, but at the same time McLune feels he isn’t fully aware of the pain a black girl goes through. Another type is when McLune uses expert opinions such as Kevin Powell, she quotes him in â€Å"Notes of a Hip Hop Head† he writes that you’d think men didn’t like women as much as they talked about them and how they refer to them as baby mommas, chickenheads, or b*****s (McLune, 297). McLune believes that hip-hop has benefitted from the woman bashing and Powell believes that it has spawned on its own terms of making something out of nothing. A third type is comparisons between other women writers that have spoke about this topic whose articles have been pushed away and they have been called traitors for refusing to be silent about the disrespect the rap community has given black women. Finally, several types of rhetorical fallacies are apparent in this article. One type is ad hominem â€Å"which refers to a personal attack on an opponent that draws attention away from the issues under consideration† (Hooper, etal 93). McLune talks about Jay-Z and his rap lyrics how they are degrading women and explains that he is one of the worst ones in the industry. Another type of fallacy is bandwagon â€Å"which is an argument saying, in effect, everyone’s doing or saying or thinking this, so you should, too† (Hooper, etal 93). For example, she says that same rappers don’t talk about women in their raps, but they don’t say anything to the rappers that do. In reality they know if they were to say something to those rappers that they probably would have a hard time getting somewhere in the rap industry. A final type of rhetorical fallacy is red herring â€Å"that means dodging the real issue by drawing attention to an irrelevant one† (Hooper, etal 95). Kevin Powell blames the negatives in hip-hop on everything but the hip-hop culture itself, he thinks it is another reason for that. McLune also talks about rap lyrics that are bad, but doesn’t bring up the good rap lyrics about women. As a result of man’s betrayal of black women in hip-hop the black women is not respected in today’s society which has been talked about in several articles. Another author who addresses this issue is Johnnetta B. Cole in â€Å"What Hip-Hop has done to Black Women† Cole explains that it has been a growing war between Black men and women since the 60s and hip-hop is a significant and influential site of contemporary gender battles (Cole 90). Both authors state that hip-hop has generated a lot of profit from the way that rap artist talk down on black women. We can follow McLune’s proposal to boycott rap music and maybe just maybe they will realize what they are saying in their songs actually have an impact on the black community and that to make things better artist have to respect woman. Music is a big part in everyday life and it would be hard to get everybody on the same page as to boycott it, but something must happen because black women do need to be treated much better by black men. If society can manage to boycott rap music then artist would be forced to listen to the peoples concern and change their music for the better (McLune, 300). Works Cited Cole, Johnnetta B. â€Å"What hip-hop has done to Black women. † Ebony Mar. 2007: 90. Print. Hooper, M. Clay, Teta Banks, D. Marzette, Beth Arnette Wade. Eds. Analytical Writing: A Guide to College Composition I. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. 2011. Print. McLune, Jennifer. â€Å"Hip-Hop’s Betrayal of Black Women. † Analytical Writing: A Guide to College Composition I. Ed. M. Clay Hooper, Teta Banks, D. Marzette, Beth Arnette Wade. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning, 2011. 296-300. Print.

buy custom Jazz Music essay

buy custom Jazz Music essay Jazz is one of the musical that was developed by African Americans and impacted by the harmonic structure of the whites. In most cases, Jazz is marked by the utilization of intonation and blues speeches. There is no specific date that one can account as the day for emergence of Jazz. Research indicate that in the 1840s, there was use of plantation brass accompanied by this kind of music. In fact, the earliest Jazz are said to have been developed in New Orleans which is a city that has mixed cultural tradition and race. Jazz continued to evolve in the days. Most of its composers were thrust into the public sphere. In fact, it became an anthem for the back members of the society. The following paper discusses the effect of Jazz on the black community. Jazz music was an opportunity for expression of the black Americans. In essence, many blacks had faced discrimination in the United States. They were taken in as slaves. The freed slaves, however, did not get similar treatment to the whites. They would work hard for minimal labor. Moreover, they had to use social amenities that were of low standards compared to those of the white. The evolution of the jazz music was thus significant to their exisence. It is because it gave them room to voice their anger, fear and frustration that they did face in their daily life. It is vital to note that Jazz developed from most of the Afro-American music. Moreover, it led to the opening of the discussions regarding segregation and racism based on institution that had characterized the setting. For instance, if Jazz was sung in a public zone, people would unintentionally get into discussion regarding the problem of discrimination. Jazz music thus brought psychological relief to the black Jazz music created a sense of integration among the blacks (Baskerville 44). Every person needs a sense of belonging. In fact, there is no person who would live to exist as an island. The black Americans were not an exception. They were in foreign land. Moreover, they were undergoing different kinds of suffering. Jazz music thus gave them a form of identity and belonging. They developed a feeling of integration towards each other. They would attend such joints and relieve themselves by singing to the popular tunes. In fact, the evolution of Jazz music gave room for many black Americans to find hope amidst social difficulties. They would enjoy social mobility. They would identify with the struggless that each person was encountering. Consequently, it helped them persevere. Research shows that despite the differences, jazz community remained integrated. Jazz music escalated the victimization of the blacks. It is a negative impact of the evolution of jazz. Jazz music gave room to the exploitation and discrimination of the blacks (Baskerville 67). It is evident in how Jazz musicians would be treated. The whites remained in total control of the music industry. The black musicians would be exploited unto death. The whites also through the music developed a clear perception that blacks were inferior to them. Consequently, they continued esteeming their perception. In fact, it seemed as though their actions were justified. However, the ultimate win for jazz was that in the long run, they became recognized. The blacks gained their full identity. They had a passion and a way of life that the rest of the society sought to protect. The discussion reveals that Jazz played a fundamental role in the life of the Black Americans. It was their voice to express their pain and suffering. Jazz gave them a sense of belonging. However, it negatively impacted that by enhancing their victimization. Buy custom Jazz Music essay

Be All That You Can Be Essay Example

Be All That You Can Be Essay Example Be All That You Can Be Paper Be All That You Can Be Paper Essay Topic: Everything I Never Told You Be all that you can be in the Army. Earn up to $40,000 for college, get valuable training, and have your health at risk for the rest of your life, and don’t forget the 30 days paid vacation. I know you all have heard that slogan before, or maybe you should have. That is what the Army should tell you on all of those commercials since they made it mandatory for every soldier to be vaccinated against the deadly illness, anthrax. But, if you refuse the vaccination then you are out of not only a job but also you could serve jail time. Soldiers should not be put in a position where they have to choose between risking their health or losing their job. There are many problems with the vaccine itself. The vaccine has never undergone long term test, so even the Department of Defense has no idea what this could possibly do to soldiers down the road of life. That right there tells you that the Generals in the Pentagon don’t care about your life at all. I wonder if our friends, the leaders of our armed forces were also forced to take this vaccine. When the vaccine first became mandatory for all personnel, I was stationed in Korea. Due to the fact that we were overseas, we had the opportunity to be the first troops to receive it. I however was exempt from taking the vaccine because I was leaving the country in the next two months and time wouldn’t allow me to receive the shots in proper order. What I witnessed my colleagues go through was enough for me to swear never to except the shots. I saw a large group of people break out in hives and actually had the opportunity to watch one soldier have a seizure. Now, the Army won’t say whether or not the seizure had anything to do with the shots but I was fairly certain. The Anthrax vaccine was administered during the Gulf War to soldiers that went over to the Middle East to fight. Now there is an undiagnosed disease called the Gulf War disease. Many soldiers have thought to be exposed to a plethora of chemical weapons during the War. Yet only one of them has been confirmed, that being the anthrax injections they received before going over there. The anthrax vaccination could be a contributing factor to the Gulf War disease that so many soldiers still suffer from. When the Department of Defense came up with the total military inoculation policy it was all over the news including CNN, because it was so controversial. This is very idiotic if you ask me. Don’t you think that Sadaam Hussien and all of the other small threats to the United States watch CNN? Those small countries can afford many different kinds and large quantities of chemical weapons due to their low cost. They are no longer going to even bother launching an anthrax missile at our troops because they know they have a chance at surviving. They will just shoot some other disease filled rocket that they are certain we cannot defend against. When one joins the military there are a number of reasons that could be possible. There is education benefits, training, money, family traditions, and first and foremost, to serve their country. I don’t think that anyone would join the military so they could endanger their own health. Sure there is always that knowledge that some day you may be called upon to go to combat, but injuring your health during peacetime is not heroic. If you die while in combat you will most likely be decorated with all kinds of metals and awards for bravery. The only thing that you will get for becoming unhealthy during peacetime is a look at the inside of a VA hospital and poor treatment. You will probably hear every excuse in the world why you are sick all the time, but you will never hear once that it is linked to the shots you were forced to take while you were in the military. It is the individuals’ responsibility to be aware of their surroundings. Before some one consumes something that they have never seen before don’t they normally say, â€Å"What is that†? Before you take any vaccine you should ask yourself what it is and do the necessary research to find out what it actually is. I am not saying that you will ever come across something so exotic as anthrax, but you should question everything and go with you gut. Following orders only for the reason that someone told you to is ridiculous. You wouldn’t hit yourself in the head with a hammer just because some one told you to, so don’t inflict any harm on yourself unless you are certain it is your only alternative.